气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): A model for the spatial distribution of snow water equivalent parameterized from the spatial variability of precipitation

CCPortal

DOI	10.5194/tc-10-1947-2016
	A model for the spatial distribution of snow water equivalent parameterized from the spatial variability of precipitation
	Skaugen T.; Weltzien I.H.
发表日期	2016
ISSN	19940416
卷号	10 期号:5
英文摘要	Snow is an important and complicated element in hydrological modelling. The traditional catchment hydrological model with its many free calibration parameters, also in snow sub-models, is not a well-suited tool for predicting conditions for which it has not been calibrated. Such conditions include prediction in ungauged basins and assessing hydrological effects of climate change. In this study, a new model for the spatial distribution of snow water equivalent (SWE), parameterized solely from observed spatial variability of precipitation, is compared with the current snow distribution model used in the operational flood forecasting models in Norway. The former model uses a dynamic gamma distribution and is called Snow Distribution-Gamma, (SD-G), whereas the latter model has a fixed, calibrated coefficient of variation, which parameterizes a log-normal model for snow distribution and is called Snow Distribution-Log-Normal (SD-LN). The two models are implemented in the parameter parsimonious rainfall-runoff model Distance Distribution Dynamics (DDD), and their capability for predicting runoff, SWE and snow-covered area (SCA) is tested and compared for 71 Norwegian catchments. The calibration period is 1985–2000 and validation period is 2000–2014. Results show that SD-G better simulates SCA when compared with MODIS satellite-derived snow cover. In addition, SWE is simulated more realistically in that seasonal snow is melted out and the building up of "snow towers" and giving spurious positive trends in SWE, typical for SD-LN, is prevented. The precision of runoff simulations using SD-G is slightly inferior, with a reduction in Nash-Sutcliffe and Kling-Gupta efficiency criterion of 0.01, but it is shown that the high precision in runoff prediction using SD-LN is accompanied with erroneous simulations of SWE. © Author(s) 2016.
学科领域	calibration; efficiency measurement; flood forecasting; hydrological modeling; model validation; parameterization; precipitation (climatology); rainfall-runoff modeling; seasonal variation; snow water equivalent; spatial distribution; spatial variation; Norway
语种	英语
scopus关键词	calibration; efficiency measurement; flood forecasting; hydrological modeling; model validation; parameterization; precipitation (climatology); rainfall-runoff modeling; seasonal variation; snow water equivalent; spatial distribution; spatial variation; Norway
来源期刊	Cryosphere
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/119592
作者单位	Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate, P.O. Box 5091, Oslo, Maj. 0301, Norway; Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Norconsult AS, P.O. Box 626, Sandvika, 1303, Norway
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Skaugen T.,Weltzien I.H.. A model for the spatial distribution of snow water equivalent parameterized from the spatial variability of precipitation[J],2016,10(5).
APA	Skaugen T.,&Weltzien I.H..(2016).A model for the spatial distribution of snow water equivalent parameterized from the spatial variability of precipitation.Cryosphere,10(5).
MLA	Skaugen T.,et al."A model for the spatial distribution of snow water equivalent parameterized from the spatial variability of precipitation".Cryosphere 10.5(2016).