气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Atmospheric influences on the anomalous 2016 Antarctic sea ice decay

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DOI	10.5194/tc-12-1103-2018
	Atmospheric influences on the anomalous 2016 Antarctic sea ice decay
	Schlosser E.; Alexander Haumann F.; Raphael M.N.
发表日期	2018
ISSN	19940416
卷号	12 期号:3
英文摘要	In contrast to the Arctic, where total sea ice extent (SIE) has been decreasing for the last three decades, Antarctic SIE has shown a small, but significant, increase during the same time period. However, in 2016, an unusually early onset of the melt season was observed; the maximum Antarctic SIE was already reached as early as August rather than the end of September, and was followed by a rapid decrease. The decay was particularly strong in November, when Antarctic SIE exhibited a negative anomaly (compared to the 1979-2015 average) of approximately 2 million km2. ECMWF Interim reanalysis data showed that the early onset of the melt and the rapid decrease in sea ice area (SIA) and SIE were associated with atmospheric flow patterns related to a positive zonal wave number three (ZW3) index, i.e., synoptic situations leading to strong meridional flow and anomalously strong southward heat advection in the regions of strongest sea ice decline. A persistently positive ZW3 index from May to August suggests that SIE decrease was preconditioned by SIA decrease. In particular, in the first third of November northerly flow conditions in the Weddell Sea and the Western Pacific triggered accelerated sea ice decay, which was continued in the following weeks due to positive feedback effects, leading to the unusually low November SIE. In 2016, the monthly mean Southern Annular Mode (SAM) index reached its second lowest November value since the beginning of the satellite observations. A better spatial and temporal coverage of reliable ice thickness data is needed to assess the change in ice mass rather than ice area. © Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
语种	英语
来源期刊	Cryosphere
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/119190
作者单位	Institute of Atmospheric and Cryospheric Sciences, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Austrian Polar Research Institute, Vienna, Austria; Environmental Physics, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland; British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Geography, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Schlosser E.,Alexander Haumann F.,Raphael M.N.. Atmospheric influences on the anomalous 2016 Antarctic sea ice decay[J],2018,12(3).
APA	Schlosser E.,Alexander Haumann F.,&Raphael M.N..(2018).Atmospheric influences on the anomalous 2016 Antarctic sea ice decay.Cryosphere,12(3).
MLA	Schlosser E.,et al."Atmospheric influences on the anomalous 2016 Antarctic sea ice decay".Cryosphere 12.3(2018).