气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Snow depth on Arctic sea ice from historical in situ data

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DOI	10.5194/tc-12-1867-2018
	Snow depth on Arctic sea ice from historical in situ data
	Shalina E.V.; Sandven S.
发表日期	2018
ISSN	19940416
卷号	12 期号:6
英文摘要	The snow data from the Soviet airborne expeditions Sever in the Arctic collected over several decades in March, April and May have been analyzed in this study. The Sever data included more measurements and covered a much wider area, particularly in the Eurasian marginal seas (Kara Sea, Laptev Sea, East Siberian Sea and Chukchi Sea), compared to the Soviet North Pole drifting stations. The latter collected data mainly in the central part of the Arctic Basin. The following snow parameters have been analyzed: average snow depth on the level ice (undisturbed snow) height and area of sastrugi, depth of snow dunes attached to ice ridges and depth of snow on hummocks. In the 1970s-1980s, in the central Arctic, the average depth of undisturbed snow was 21.2 cm, the depth of sastrugi (that occupied about 30 % of the ice surface) was 36.2 cm and the average depth of snow near hummocks and ridges was about 65 cm. For the marginal seas, the average depth of undisturbed snow on the level ice varied from 9.8 cm in the Laptev Sea to 15.3 cm in the East Siberian Sea, which had a larger fraction of multiyear ice. In the marginal seas the spatial variability of snow depth was characterized by standard deviation varying between 66 and 100 %. The average height of sastrugi varied from 23 cm to about 32 cm with standard deviation between 50 and 56 %. The average area covered by sastrugi in the marginal seas was estimated to be 36.5 % of the total ice area where sastrugi were observed. The main result of the study is a new snow depth climatology for the late winter using data from both the Sever expeditions and the North Pole drifting stations. The snow load on the ice observed by Sever expeditions has been described as a combination of the depth of undisturbed snow on the level ice and snow depth of sastrugi weighted in proportion to the sastrugi area. The height of snow accumulated near the ice ridges was not included in the calculations because there are no estimates of the area covered by those features from the Sever expeditions. The effect of not including that data can lead to some underestimation of the average snow depth. The new climatology refines the description of snow depth in the central Arctic compared to the results by Warren et al. (1999) and provides additional detailed data in the marginal seas. The snow depth climatology is based on 94 % Sever data and 6 % North Pole data. The new climatology shows lower snow depth in the central Arctic comparing to Warren climatology and more detailed data in the Eurasian seas. © 2018 Author(s).
学科领域	climatology; data set; depth determination; historical perspective; ice drift; marginal sea; sea ice; snow accumulation; snow cover; Arctic Ocean; East Siberian Sea; Laptev Sea
语种	英语
scopus关键词	climatology; data set; depth determination; historical perspective; ice drift; marginal sea; sea ice; snow accumulation; snow cover; Arctic Ocean; East Siberian Sea; Laptev Sea
来源期刊	Cryosphere
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/119138
作者单位	Nansen International Environmental and Remote Sensing Centre, St.Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation; St. Petersburg State University, Institute of Earth Sciences, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation; Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center, Bergen, 5006, Norway
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Shalina E.V.,Sandven S.. Snow depth on Arctic sea ice from historical in situ data[J],2018,12(6).
APA	Shalina E.V.,&Sandven S..(2018).Snow depth on Arctic sea ice from historical in situ data.Cryosphere,12(6).
MLA	Shalina E.V.,et al."Snow depth on Arctic sea ice from historical in situ data".Cryosphere 12.6(2018).