气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): 19th century glacier retreat in the Alps preceded the emergence of industrial black carbon deposition on high-alpine glaciers

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DOI	10.5194/tc-12-3311-2018
	19th century glacier retreat in the Alps preceded the emergence of industrial black carbon deposition on high-alpine glaciers
	Sigl M.; Abram N.J.; Gabrieli J.; Jenk T.M.; Osmont D.; Schwikowski M.
发表日期	2018
ISSN	19940416
卷号	12 期号:10
英文摘要	Light absorbing aerosols in the atmosphere and cryosphere play an important role in the climate system. Their presence in ambient air and snow changes the radiative properties of these systems, thus contributing to increased atmospheric warming and snowmelt. High spatio-temporal variability of aerosol concentrations and a shortage of long-term observations contribute to large uncertainties in properly assigning the climate effects of aerosols through time. Starting around AD 1860, many glaciers in the European Alps began to retreat from their maximum mid-19th century terminus positions, thereby visualizing the end of the Little Ice Age in Europe. Radiative forcing by increasing deposition of industrial black carbon to snow has been suggested as the main driver of the abrupt glacier retreats in the Alps. The basis for this hypothesis was model simulations using elemental carbon concentrations at low temporal resolution from two ice cores in the Alps. Here we present sub-annually resolved concentration records of refractory black carbon (rBC; using soot photometry) as well as distinctive tracers for mineral dust, biomass burning and industrial pollution from the Colle Gnifetti ice core in the Alps from AD 1741 to 2015. These records allow precise assessment of a potential relation between the timing of observed acceleration of glacier melt in the mid-19th century with an increase of rBC deposition on the glacier caused by the industrialization of Western Europe. Our study reveals that in AD 1875, the time when rBC ice-core concentrations started to significantly increase, the majority of Alpine glaciers had already experienced more than 80 % of their total 19th century length reduction, casting doubt on a leading role for soot in terminating of the Little Ice Age. Attribution of glacial retreat requires expansion of the spatial network and sampling density of high alpine ice cores to balance potential biasing effects arising from transport, deposition, and snow conservation in individual ice-core records. © Author(s) 2018.
语种	英语
来源期刊	Cryosphere
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/119049
作者单位	Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, 5232, Switzerland; Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, 3012, Switzerland; Research School of Earth Sciences, ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; Institute for the Dynamics of the Environmental Sciences, National Research Council (IDPA-CNR), Venice, 30172, Italy; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Sigl M.,Abram N.J.,Gabrieli J.,et al. 19th century glacier retreat in the Alps preceded the emergence of industrial black carbon deposition on high-alpine glaciers[J],2018,12(10).
APA	Sigl M.,Abram N.J.,Gabrieli J.,Jenk T.M.,Osmont D.,&Schwikowski M..(2018).19th century glacier retreat in the Alps preceded the emergence of industrial black carbon deposition on high-alpine glaciers.Cryosphere,12(10).
MLA	Sigl M.,et al."19th century glacier retreat in the Alps preceded the emergence of industrial black carbon deposition on high-alpine glaciers".Cryosphere 12.10(2018).