气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Physical and optical characteristics of heavily melted "rotten" Arctic sea ice

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DOI	10.5194/tc-13-775-2019
	Physical and optical characteristics of heavily melted "rotten" Arctic sea ice
	Frantz C.M.; Light B.; Farley S.M.; Carpenter S.; Lieblappen R.; Courville Z.; Orellana M.V.; Junge K.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	19940416
EISSN	13
起始页码	775
结束页码	793
卷号	13 期号:3
英文摘要	Field investigations of the properties of heavily melted "rotten" Arctic sea ice were carried out on shorefast and drifting ice off the coast of Utqiagvik (formerly Barrow), Alaska, during the melt season. While no formal criteria exist to qualify when ice becomes rotten, the objective of this study was to sample melting ice at the point at which its structural and optical properties are sufficiently advanced beyond the peak of the summer season. Baseline data on the physical (temperature, salinity, density, microstructure) and optical (light scattering) properties of shorefast ice were recorded in May and June 2015. In July of both 2015 and 2017, small boats were used to access drifting rotten ice within ∼32 km of Utqiagvik. Measurements showed that pore space increased as ice temperature increased (-8 to 0 °C), ice salinity decreased (10 to 0 ppt), and bulk density decreased (0.9 to 0.6 g cm-3). Changes in pore space were characterized with thin-section microphotography and X-ray micro-computed tomography in the laboratory. These analyses yielded changes in average brine inclusion number density (which decreased from 32 to 0.01 mm-3), mean pore size (which increased from 80 μm to 3 mm), and total porosity (increased from 0% to > 45 %) and structural anisotropy (variable, with values of generally less than 0.7). Additionally, light-scattering coefficients of the ice increased from approximately 0.06 to > 0.35 cm-1 as the ice melt progressed. Together, these findings indicate that the properties of Arctic sea ice at the end of melt season are significantly distinct from those of often-studied summertime ice. If such rotten ice were to become more prevalent in a warmer Arctic with longer melt seasons, this could have implications for the exchange of fluid and heat at the ocean surface. © 2019 Author(s).
学科领域	detection method; ice cover; ice drift; optical property; sea ice; sea surface; seasonal variation; Alaska; Arctic Ocean; Barrow; United States
语种	英语
scopus关键词	detection method; ice cover; ice drift; optical property; sea ice; sea surface; seasonal variation; Alaska; Arctic Ocean; Barrow; United States
来源期刊	The Cryosphere
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/118915
作者单位	Polar Science Center, Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, United States; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Weber State University, Ogden, UT 84403, United States; Department of Science, Vermont Technical College, Randolph, VT 05061, United States; US Army Engineer Research Development Center, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, NH 39180, United States; Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA 98109, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Frantz C.M.,Light B.,Farley S.M.,et al. Physical and optical characteristics of heavily melted "rotten" Arctic sea ice[J],2019,13(3).
APA	Frantz C.M..,Light B..,Farley S.M..,Carpenter S..,Lieblappen R..,...&Junge K..(2019).Physical and optical characteristics of heavily melted "rotten" Arctic sea ice.The Cryosphere,13(3).
MLA	Frantz C.M.,et al."Physical and optical characteristics of heavily melted "rotten" Arctic sea ice".The Cryosphere 13.3(2019).