气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): A long-term dataset of climatic mass balance, snow conditions, and runoff in Svalbard (1957-2018)

CCPortal

DOI	10.5194/tc-13-2259-2019
	A long-term dataset of climatic mass balance, snow conditions, and runoff in Svalbard (1957-2018)
	Van Pelt W.; Pohjola V.; Pettersson R.; Marchenko S.; Kohler J.; Luks B.; Ove Hagen J.; Schuler T.V.; Dunse T.; Noël B.; Reijmer C.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	19940416
EISSN	13
起始页码	2259
结束页码	2280
卷号	13 期号:9
英文摘要	The climate in Svalbard is undergoing amplified change compared to the global mean. This has major implications for runoff from glaciers and seasonal snow on land.We use a coupled energy balance-subsurface model, forced with downscaled regional climate model fields, and apply it to both glacier-covered and land areas in Svalbard. This generates a long-term (1957-2018) distributed dataset of climatic mass balance (CMB) for the glaciers, snow conditions, and runoff with a 1km-1km spatial and 3-hourly temporal resolution. Observational data including stake measurements, automatic weather station data, and subsurface data across Svalbard are used for model calibration and validation. We find a weakly positive mean net CMB (C0.09mw.e. a-1) over the simulation period, which only fractionally compensates for mass loss through calving. Pronounced warming and a small precipitation increase lead to a spatial-mean negative net CMB trend (-0.06mw.e. a-1 decade-1), and an increase in the equilibrium line altitude (ELA) by 17m decade-1, with the largest changes in southern and central Svalbard. The retreating ELA in turn causes firn air volume to decrease by 4% decade-1, which in combination with winter warming induces a substantial reduction of refreezing in both glacier-covered and land areas (average -4% decade-1). A combination of increased melt and reduced refreezing causes glacier runoff (average 34.3 Gt a-1) to double over the simulation period, while discharge from land (average 10.6 Gt a-1) remains nearly unchanged. As a result, the relative contribution of land runoff to total runoff drops from 30% to 20% during 1957-2018. Seasonal snow on land and in glacier ablation zones is found to arrive later in autumn (C1.4 d decade-1), while no significant changes occurred on the date of snow disappearance in spring-summer. Altogether, the output of the simulation provides an extensive dataset that may be of use in a wide range of applications ranging from runoff modelling to ecosystem studies. © Author(s) 2019.
语种	英语
来源期刊	The Cryosphere
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/118845
作者单位	Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Norwegian Polar Institute, Tromsø, Norway; Institute of Geophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Arctic Geophysics, University Centre in Svalbard, Longyearbyen, Svalbard, Norway; Department of Environmental Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Sogndal, Norway; Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Van Pelt W.,Pohjola V.,Pettersson R.,et al. A long-term dataset of climatic mass balance, snow conditions, and runoff in Svalbard (1957-2018)[J],2019,13(9).
APA	Van Pelt W..,Pohjola V..,Pettersson R..,Marchenko S..,Kohler J..,...&Reijmer C..(2019).A long-term dataset of climatic mass balance, snow conditions, and runoff in Svalbard (1957-2018).The Cryosphere,13(9).
MLA	Van Pelt W.,et al."A long-term dataset of climatic mass balance, snow conditions, and runoff in Svalbard (1957-2018)".The Cryosphere 13.9(2019).