Climate Change Data Portal
DOI | 10.5194/tc-13-2713-2019 |
Measurement of specific surface area of fresh solid precipitation particles in heavy snowfall regions of Japan | |
Yamaguchi S.; Ishizaka M.; Motoyoshi H.; Nakai S.; Vionnet V.; Aoki T.; Yamashita K.; Hashimoto A.; Hachikubo A. | |
发表日期 | 2019 |
ISSN | 19940416 |
EISSN | 13 |
起始页码 | 2713 |
结束页码 | 2732 |
卷号 | 13期号:10 |
英文摘要 | In countries like Japan, particular solid precipitation particles (PPs), such as unrimed PPs and graupel, often form a weak layer in snow, which triggers slab avalanches. An understanding of weak PP layers is therefore essential for avalanche prevention authorities to design a predictive model for slab avalanches triggered by those layers. Specific surface area (SSA) is a parameter that could characterize the physical properties of PPs. The SSAs of solid PPs in Nagaoka - a city in Japan experiencing the heaviest snowfall in the country - were measured for four winters (from 2013/2014 to 2016/2017). More than 100 SSAs of PP were measured during the study period using the gas absorption method. The measured SSA values range from 42 to 153 m2 kg-1. Under melting conditions, PPs showed comparatively smaller values. Unrimed and slightly rimed PPs exhibited low SSA, whereas heavily rimed PPs and graupel exhibited high SSA. The degree of PP riming depends on the synoptic meteorological conditions. Based on the potential of weak PP layer formation with respect to the degree of riming of PPs, the results indicate that SSA is a useful parameter for describing the characteristics of PP, and consequently predicting avalanches triggered by weak PP layers. The study found that the values of SSA strongly depend on wind speed (WS) and wet-bulb temperature (Tw) on the ground. SSA increases with increase in WS and decreases with increase in Tw. An equation to empirically estimate the SSA of fresh PPs in Nagaoka using WS and Tw was established. The equation successfully reproduced the fluctuation of SSA. The SSA equation, along with the meteorological data, is an efficient first step toward describing the development of weak PP layers in the snow cover models. © 2019. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. |
学科领域 | absorption spectrum; melting; precipitation assessment; slab; snow avalanche; snow cover; surface area; synoptic meteorology; wind velocity; Chubu; Honshu; Japan; Japan; Nagaoka; Niigata |
语种 | 英语 |
scopus关键词 | absorption spectrum; melting; precipitation assessment; slab; snow avalanche; snow cover; surface area; synoptic meteorology; wind velocity; Chubu; Honshu; Japan; Japan; Nagaoka; Niigata |
来源期刊 | The Cryosphere |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/118823 |
作者单位 | Snow and Ice Research Center, National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience, Nagaoka, 940-0821, Japan; Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Université de Toulouse, Météo-France, CNRS, CNRM, Centre d'Etudes de la Neige, Grenoble, France; Centre for Hydrology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; Arctic Environment Research Center, National Institute of Polar Research, Tachikawa, Japan; Meteorological Research Institute, Japan Meteorological Agency, Tsukuba, Japan; School of Earth, Energy and Environmental Engineering, Kitami Institute of Technology, Kitami, 090-8507, Japan |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Yamaguchi S.,Ishizaka M.,Motoyoshi H.,et al. Measurement of specific surface area of fresh solid precipitation particles in heavy snowfall regions of Japan[J],2019,13(10). |
APA | Yamaguchi S..,Ishizaka M..,Motoyoshi H..,Nakai S..,Vionnet V..,...&Hachikubo A..(2019).Measurement of specific surface area of fresh solid precipitation particles in heavy snowfall regions of Japan.The Cryosphere,13(10). |
MLA | Yamaguchi S.,et al."Measurement of specific surface area of fresh solid precipitation particles in heavy snowfall regions of Japan".The Cryosphere 13.10(2019). |
条目包含的文件 | 条目无相关文件。 |
除非特别说明,本系统中所有内容都受版权保护,并保留所有权利。