气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Changing characteristics of runoff and freshwater export from watersheds draining northern Alaska

CCPortal

DOI	10.5194/tc-13-3337-2019
	Changing characteristics of runoff and freshwater export from watersheds draining northern Alaska
	Rawlins M.A.; Cai L.; Stuefer S.L.; Nicolsky D.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	19940416
EISSN	13
起始页码	3337
结束页码	3352
卷号	13 期号:12
英文摘要	The quantity and quality of river discharge in Arctic regions is influenced by many processes including climate, watershed attributes and, increasingly, hydrological cycle intensification and permafrost thaw. We used a hydrological model to quantify baseline conditions and investigate the changing character of hydrological elements for Arctic watersheds between Utqiagvik (formerly known as Barrow)) and just west of Mackenzie River over the period 1981-2010. A synthesis of measurements and model simulations shows that the region exports 31.9 km3 yr-1 of freshwater via river discharge, with 55.5% (17.7 km3 yr-1) coming collectively from the Colville, Kuparuk, and Sagavanirktok rivers. The simulations point to significant (p < 0:05) increases (134 %- 212% of average) in cold season discharge (CSD) for several large North Slope rivers including the Colville and Kuparuk, and for the region as a whole. A significant increase in the proportion of subsurface runoff to total runoff is noted for the region and for 24 of the 42 study basins, with the change most prevalent across the northern foothills of the Brooks Range. Relatively large increases in simulated active-layer thickness (ALT) suggest a physical connection between warming climate, permafrost degradation, and increasing subsurface flow to streams and rivers. A decline in terrestrial water storage (TWS) is attributed to losses in soil ice that outweigh gains in soil liquid water storage. Over the 30-year period, the timing of peak spring (freshet) discharge shifts earlier by 4.5 d, though the time trend is only marginally (p = 0:1) significant. These changing characteristics of Arctic rivers have important implications for water, carbon, and nutrient cycling in coastal environments. © Author(s) 2019.
学科领域	baseline conditions; freshwater input; hydrological cycle; nutrient cycling; permafrost; river discharge; runoff; subsurface flow; thawing; water storage; watershed; Alaska; Alberta; Arctic; Barrow; Brooks; Brooks Range; Canada; Mackenzie River [Northwest Territories]; North Slope; Northwest Territories; United States
语种	英语
scopus关键词	baseline conditions; freshwater input; hydrological cycle; nutrient cycling; permafrost; river discharge; runoff; subsurface flow; thawing; water storage; watershed; Alaska; Alberta; Arctic; Barrow; Brooks; Brooks Range; Canada; Mackenzie River [Northwest Territories]; North Slope; Northwest Territories; United States
来源期刊	The Cryosphere
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/118790
作者单位	Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States; International Arctic Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, United States; Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering and Mines, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, United States; Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Rawlins M.A.,Cai L.,Stuefer S.L.,et al. Changing characteristics of runoff and freshwater export from watersheds draining northern Alaska[J],2019,13(12).
APA	Rawlins M.A.,Cai L.,Stuefer S.L.,&Nicolsky D..(2019).Changing characteristics of runoff and freshwater export from watersheds draining northern Alaska.The Cryosphere,13(12).
MLA	Rawlins M.A.,et al."Changing characteristics of runoff and freshwater export from watersheds draining northern Alaska".The Cryosphere 13.12(2019).