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DOI	10.1111/ele.12505
	Demographic compensation among populations: What is it, how does it arise and what are its implications?
	Villellas J.; Doak D.F.; García M.B.; Morris W.F.
发表日期	2015
ISSN	1461-023X
EISSN	1461-0248
卷号	18 期号:11
英文摘要	Most species are exposed to significant environmental gradients across their ranges, but vital rates (survival, growth, reproduction and recruitment) need not respond in the same direction to those gradients. Opposing vital rate trends across environments, a phenomenon that has been loosely called 'demographic compensation', may allow species to occupy larger geographical ranges and alter their responses to climate change. Yet the term has never been precisely defined, nor has its existence or strength been assessed for multiple species. Here, we provide a rigorous definition, and use it to develop a strong test for demographic compensation. By applying the test to data from 26 published, multi-population demographic studies of plants, we show that demographic compensation commonly occurs. We also investigate the mechanisms by which this phenomenon arises by assessing which demographic processes and life stages are most often involved. In addition, we quantify the effect of demographic compensation on variation in population growth rates across environmental gradients, a potentially important determinant of the size of a species' geographical range. Finally, we discuss the implications of demographic compensation for the responses of single populations and species' ranges to temporal environmental variation and to ongoing environmental trends, e.g. due to climate change. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd/CNRS.
英文关键词	Demographic compensation; Environmental gradient; Geographical distribution; Global climate change; Life-history trade-off; Negative correlations; Population growth rate; Range limit; Sensitivity; Vital rates
学科领域	climate change; compensation; demography; environmental gradient; geographical distribution; global change; growth rate; life history trait; population growth; range expansion; survival; trend analysis
语种	英语
scopus关键词	climate change; compensation; demography; environmental gradient; geographical distribution; global change; growth rate; life history trait; population growth; range expansion; survival; trend analysis
来源期刊	Ecology Letters
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/118617
作者单位	Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 75236, Sweden; University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, United States; Pyrenean Institute of Ecology (IPE-CSIC), Apdo. 13034, Zaragoza, 50080, Spain; Department of Biology, Duke University, Box 90338, Durham, NC 27708-0338, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Villellas J.,Doak D.F.,García M.B.,et al. Demographic compensation among populations: What is it, how does it arise and what are its implications?[J],2015,18(11).
APA	Villellas J.,Doak D.F.,García M.B.,&Morris W.F..(2015).Demographic compensation among populations: What is it, how does it arise and what are its implications?.Ecology Letters,18(11).
MLA	Villellas J.,et al."Demographic compensation among populations: What is it, how does it arise and what are its implications?".Ecology Letters 18.11(2015).