气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Mixotrophy everywhere on land and in water: the grand écart hypothesis

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DOI	10.1111/ele.12714
	Mixotrophy everywhere on land and in water: the grand écart hypothesis
	Selosse M.-A.; Charpin M.; Not F.
发表日期	2017
ISSN	1461-023X
EISSN	1461-0248
卷号	20 期号:2
英文摘要	There is increasing awareness that many terrestrial and aquatic organisms are not strictly heterotrophic or autotrophic but rather mixotrophic. Mixotrophy is an intermediate nutritional strategy, merging autotrophy and heterotrophy to acquire organic carbon and/or other elements, mainly N, P or Fe. We show that both terrestrial and aquatic mixotrophs fall into three categories, namely necrotrophic (where autotrophs prey on other organisms), biotrophic (where heterotrophs gain autotrophy by symbiosis) and absorbotrophic (where autotrophs take up environmental organic molecules). Here we discuss their physiological and ecological relevance since mixotrophy is found in virtually every ecosystem and occurs across the whole eukaryotic phylogeny, suggesting an evolutionary pressure towards mixotrophy. Ecosystem dynamics tend to separate light from non-carbon nutrients (N and P resources): the biological pump and water stratification in aquatic ecosystems deplete non-carbon nutrients from the photic zone, while terrestrial plant successions create a canopy layer with light but devoid of non-carbon soil nutrients. In both aquatic and terrestrial environments organisms face a grand écart (dancer's splits, i.e., the need to reconcile two opposing needs) between optimal conditions for photosynthesis vs. gain of non-carbon elements. We suggest that mixotrophy allows adaptation of organisms to such ubiquist environmental gradients, ultimately explaining why mixotrophic strategies are widespread. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd/CNRS
英文关键词	Biological pump; carnivorous plants; hemiparasitism; kleptoplastidy; mycoheterotrophy; mycorrhiza; osmotrophy; phagotrophy; photosymbiosis; protists
学科领域	adaptation; aquatic organism; biological pump; carnivorous plant; ecosystem dynamics; eukaryote; heterotrophy; mixotrophy; mycorrhiza; organic carbon; parasitism; phagotrophy; photic zone; phylogeny; physiology; protist; soil nutrient; stratification; symbiosis; terrestrial environment; Eukaryota; Protista; autotrophy; carbohydrate metabolism; eukaryote; evolution; heterotrophy; phylogeny; physiology; Autotrophic Processes; Biological Evolution; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Eukaryota; Heterotrophic Processes; Phylogeny
语种	英语
scopus关键词	adaptation; aquatic organism; biological pump; carnivorous plant; ecosystem dynamics; eukaryote; heterotrophy; mixotrophy; mycorrhiza; organic carbon; parasitism; phagotrophy; photic zone; phylogeny; physiology; protist; soil nutrient; stratification; symbiosis; terrestrial environment; Eukaryota; Protista; autotrophy; carbohydrate metabolism; eukaryote; evolution; heterotrophy; phylogeny; physiology; Autotrophic Processes; Biological Evolution; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Eukaryota; Heterotrophic Processes; Phylogeny
来源期刊	Ecology Letters
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/118439
作者单位	Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité ISYEB – UMR 7205 – CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, 57 rue Cuvier, CP50, Paris, 75005, France; Department of Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, Gdansk, 80-308, Poland; Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, CNRS Laboratoire micro-organismes: Génome et Environnement, UMR 6023, 1 Impasse Amélie Murat, Aubière, 63178, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin UMR7144, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, 29680, France
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Selosse M.-A.,Charpin M.,Not F.. Mixotrophy everywhere on land and in water: the grand écart hypothesis[J],2017,20(2).
APA	Selosse M.-A.,Charpin M.,&Not F..(2017).Mixotrophy everywhere on land and in water: the grand écart hypothesis.Ecology Letters,20(2).
MLA	Selosse M.-A.,et al."Mixotrophy everywhere on land and in water: the grand écart hypothesis".Ecology Letters 20.2(2017).