气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Assessing phosphate rock depletion and phosphorus recycling options

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DOI	10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2013.09.002
	Assessing phosphate rock depletion and phosphorus recycling options
	Koppelaar R.H.E.M.; Weikard H.P.
发表日期	2013
ISSN	0959-3780
卷号	23 期号:6
英文摘要	We analyze global elemental phosphorus flows in 2009 for (1) mining to products, (2) animal and human manure flows, (3) crop harvests and animal production, (4) food production, (5) soil erosion, (6) and crop uptake. Informed by the flow assessment the potential and cost of phosphorus usage reduction and recycling measures are quantified, and fed into a constructed phosphorus supply-demand model with reserve assessment to assess the impact of these measures on phosphate rock resource availability. According to our results in 2009 globally 21.4. Mt elemental phosphorus from rock phosphate was consumed in products of which 17.6. Mt used as fertilizers, fully able to cover erosion losses and outputs in agriculture in aggregate, but insufficient from the perspective of bio-available phosphorus in soils. We find substantial scope for phosphorus use reduction, at potentially 6.9. Mt phosphorus, or 32% of 2009 phosphate rock supply. Another 6.1. Mt, or 28% can technologically be recycled from waterways and wastewater, but at a cost substantially above any foreseeable phosphate rock fertilizer price. The model results suggests phosphate rock reserves are sufficient to meet demand into the 22nd century, and can be extended well into the 23rd century with assessed use reduction and recycling measures. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.
英文关键词	Fertilizer; Non-renewable resources; Phosphate rock; Phosphorus; Recycling
学科领域	assessment method; bioavailability; cost-benefit analysis; nonrenewable resource; numerical model; phosphate; phosphate rock; phosphorus cycle; recycling; resource availability; soil type; Animalia
语种	英语
scopus关键词	assessment method; bioavailability; cost-benefit analysis; nonrenewable resource; numerical model; phosphate; phosphate rock; phosphorus cycle; recycling; resource availability; soil type; Animalia
来源期刊	Global Environmental Change
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/117871
作者单位	Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ London, United Kingdom; Department of Social Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 9101, Wageningen, Netherlands
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Koppelaar R.H.E.M.,Weikard H.P.. Assessing phosphate rock depletion and phosphorus recycling options[J],2013,23(6).
APA	Koppelaar R.H.E.M.,&Weikard H.P..(2013).Assessing phosphate rock depletion and phosphorus recycling options.Global Environmental Change,23(6).
MLA	Koppelaar R.H.E.M.,et al."Assessing phosphate rock depletion and phosphorus recycling options".Global Environmental Change 23.6(2013).