气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Can REDD+ social safeguards reach the 'right' people? Lessons from Madagascar

CCPortal

DOI	10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2016.01.004
	Can REDD+ social safeguards reach the 'right' people? Lessons from Madagascar
	Poudyal M.; Ramamonjisoa B.S.; Hockley N.; Rakotonarivo O.S.; Gibbons J.M.; Mandimbiniaina R.; Rasoamanana A.; Jones J.P.G.
发表日期	2016
ISSN	0959-3780
卷号	37
英文摘要	There is extensive debate about the potential impact of the climate mechanism REDD+ on the welfare of forest-dwelling people. To provide emission reductions, REDD+ must slow the rate of deforestation and forest degradation: such a change will tend to result in local opportunity cost to farmers at the forest frontier. Social safeguard processes to mitigate negative impacts of REDD+ are being developed and can learn from existing safeguard procedures such as those implemented by the World Bank. Madagascar has a number of REDD+ pilot projects with World Bank support including the Corridor Ankeniheny-Zahamena (CAZ). Nearly two thousand households around the corridor have been identified as 'project affected persons' (PAPs) and given compensation. We compare households identified as project affected persons with those not identified. We found households with more socio-political power locally, those with greater food security, and those that are more accessible were more likely to be identified as eligible for compensation while many people likely to be negatively impacted by the REDD+ project did not receive compensation. We identify three issues which make it difficult for a social safeguard assessment to effectively target the households for compensation: (a) poor information on location of communities and challenging access means that information does not reach remote households; (b) reluctance of people dependant on shifting agriculture to reveal this due to government sanctions; and (c) reliance by safeguard assessors on non-representative local institutions. We suggest that in cases where the majority of households are likely to bear costs and identification of affected households is challenging, the optimal, and principled, strategy may be blanket compensation offered to all the households in affected communities; avoiding the dead weight costs of ineffective safeguard assessments. The Paris Agreement in December 2015 recognised REDD+ as a key policy instrument for climate change mitigation and explicitly recognised the need to respect human rights in all climate actions. However, safeguards will be prone to failure unless those entitled to compensation are aware of their rights and enabled to seek redress where safeguards fail. This research shows that existing safeguard commitments are not always being fulfilled and those implementing social safeguards in REDD+ should not continue with business as usual. © 2016 The Authors.
英文关键词	Equity; Evaluation; Protected areas; Social impacts; Swidden; Tavy
学科领域	climate change; deforestation; emission control; environmental policy; food security; household survey; human rights; policy reform; project assessment; protected area; shifting cultivation; social impact; valuation; welfare economics; World Bank; Ankeniheny-Zahamena; Madagascar
语种	英语
scopus关键词	climate change; deforestation; emission control; environmental policy; food security; household survey; human rights; policy reform; project assessment; protected area; shifting cultivation; social impact; valuation; welfare economics; World Bank; Ankeniheny-Zahamena; Madagascar
来源期刊	Global Environmental Change
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/117404
作者单位	School of Environment, Natural Resources and Geography, Bangor University, Thoday Building, Denioal Road, Bangor, LL57 2UW, United Kingdom; Département des Eaux et Forêts de l'Ecole Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques, Université d'Antananarivo, BP 175 ESSA Forêts, Antananarivo, 101, Madagascar
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Poudyal M.,Ramamonjisoa B.S.,Hockley N.,et al. Can REDD+ social safeguards reach the 'right' people? Lessons from Madagascar[J],2016,37.
APA	Poudyal M..,Ramamonjisoa B.S..,Hockley N..,Rakotonarivo O.S..,Gibbons J.M..,...&Jones J.P.G..(2016).Can REDD+ social safeguards reach the 'right' people? Lessons from Madagascar.Global Environmental Change,37.
MLA	Poudyal M.,et al."Can REDD+ social safeguards reach the 'right' people? Lessons from Madagascar".Global Environmental Change 37(2016).