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DOI	10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2017.08.010
	What policies improve forest cover? A systematic review of research from Mesoamerica
	Min-Venditti A.A.; Moore G.W.; Fleischman F.
发表日期	2017
ISSN	0959-3780
卷号	47
英文摘要	Despite many studies of the drivers of deforestation, few syntheses have been conducted of the effect of public policies on forest cover. This is problematic because policy is the primary tool that society can use to change outcomes, yet we lack information on the conditions which lead to successful policies. To address this deficiency, we conduct a meta-analysis of case studies of the impact of public policy on deforestation and reforestation in Central America and Mexico, drawing on a set of 159 studies. This region has recently experienced high rates of forest cover change and is well studied, providing a strong sampling frame. For each study, we record the reported change in forest cover, along with the scale and location of the study, the types of policy evaluated, and other relevant information. Some policy types are strongly associated with positive or negative forest impacts, though important gaps remain in our understanding. Nearly all studies of payment for ecosystem services indicate an association between payments and improvements in forest cover (88% of cases), however this evidence derives from only two countries (Mexico and Costa Rica), both of which have more clearly defined property rights and stronger governmental institutions than other countries in the region, raising questions about generalizability. Community-based management is associated with positive impacts on forest cover in 81% of cases, whereas protected areas are associated with positive impacts in 66% of cases. Studies of social and agricultural policies were rarer and more likely to be associated with negative outcomes. Agricultural subsidies were associated with negative forest outcomes in 86% of cases, raising the possibility that reducing agricultural subsidies could be an effective strategy for improving forest cover. Most studies do not adequately identify either causal effects or the mechanisms associated with policy change, and few studies examine interactions between policy types. The results of this review imply that, while some policies are more likely to make positive contributions than others, policymakers should remain cautious about the body of evidence supporting the effectiveness of policies for reducing deforestation. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd
英文关键词	Community-based management; Deforestation; Meta-analysis; Payments for ecosystem services; Policy effects; Tropical forest cover change
学科领域	community organization; deforestation; ecosystem service; environmental economics; environmental policy; forest cover; meta-analysis; policy making; property rights; reforestation; research work; social policy; tropical forest; Costa Rica; Mesoamerica; Mexico [North America]
语种	英语
scopus关键词	community organization; deforestation; ecosystem service; environmental economics; environmental policy; forest cover; meta-analysis; policy making; property rights; reforestation; research work; social policy; tropical forest; Costa Rica; Mesoamerica; Mexico [North America]
来源期刊	Global Environmental Change
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/117201
作者单位	Department of Ecosystem Science & Management, Texas A&M University, 2138 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-2138, United States; Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, 115 Green Hall, 1530 Cleveland Ave. N., St. PaulSt. Paul, MN 55108, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Min-Venditti A.A.,Moore G.W.,Fleischman F.. What policies improve forest cover? A systematic review of research from Mesoamerica[J],2017,47.
APA	Min-Venditti A.A.,Moore G.W.,&Fleischman F..(2017).What policies improve forest cover? A systematic review of research from Mesoamerica.Global Environmental Change,47.
MLA	Min-Venditti A.A.,et al."What policies improve forest cover? A systematic review of research from Mesoamerica".Global Environmental Change 47(2017).