气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): The forest transformation: Planted tree cover and regional dynamics of tree gains and losses

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DOI	10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2019.101988
	The forest transformation: Planted tree cover and regional dynamics of tree gains and losses
	Sloan S.; Meyfroidt P.; Rudel T.K.; Bongers F.; Chazdon R.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	0959-3780
卷号	59
英文摘要	Extensions of forest-transition theory to the tropics often depict sustained expansions of planted tree cover and corresponding long-term net gains in total tree cover. To explore the patterns and implications of continued tropical planted tree-cover expansion, we profiled sequences of tree-cover change over 1990–2010 according to Landsat imagery for recently observed (ca. 2014) planted tree-cover areas in 11 tropical countries. Alternative patterns of change emerged from these analyses. Termed the ‘reforestation treadmill’ and ‘forest transformation’ narratives, planted tree-cover change featured relatively ephemeral planted covers, modest net gains, and similar tree-cover change dynamics compared to nearby agricultural-forest mosaics. Planted areas were characterised not by unambiguous reforestation but rather combinations of tree-cover losses and gains, with losses typically being more prominent. Contemporary gains and losses during 5–10-year periods regularly distinguished planted areas from non-planted areas, with losses being 1.5–2.3 times more common than gains. Planted areas were only moderately distinguishable from non-planted areas overall with respect to tree-cover change dynamics. Relationships between tree-cover change and the export orientations of planted tree/tree-crop commodities were also examined. Greater export orientations did not significantly associate with tree-cover loss or larger planted patches, with partial exceptions for Southeast Asia. Regional disparities in planted tree-cover dynamics were apparent. In Southeast Asia, dominated by Indonesia, tree-cover declines in planted areas since 1990 were relatively pronounced (20% of planted areas), particularly with respect to progressive transitions from tree cover to cleared lands. Planted areas there were generally indistinguishable from nearby non-planted areas with respect to historical tree-cover change dynamics. In contrast, in South America, dominated by Brazil, tree-cover increases in planted areas since 1990 were more appreciable (at least 14% of planted areas), with most being progressive, stable, ‘net’ increases (10% of planted areas) and the remainder being dynamic increases entailing short-term losses since 1990 (4% of planted areas). Total tree-cover increases within South American planted areas were equal to or greater than total decreases since 1990. These patterns suggest a forest-transformation narrative in which major planted-area expansion occurs alongside minor net tree-cover change. This narrative appears particularly well suited to Southeast Asia, where planted areas are extensive and expansive but where net tree cover gains are tenuous, reflecting political-economic shifts in forest management and the devaluation of extensive, degraded natural forests. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd
英文关键词	Forest change; Forest transformation; Forest transition; Plantation; Reforestation
学科领域	forest ecosystem; forest management; Landsat; plantation forestry; reforestation; satellite imagery; tropical environment; vegetation cover; Atlantic Coast [South America]; Brazil; Indonesia
语种	英语
scopus关键词	forest ecosystem; forest management; Landsat; plantation forestry; reforestation; satellite imagery; tropical environment; vegetation cover; Atlantic Coast [South America]; Brazil; Indonesia
来源期刊	Global Environmental change
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/116998
作者单位	College of Science and Engineering, Center for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland 4870, Australia; Georges Lemaître Centre for Earth and Climate Research, Earth and Life Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium; Fund for Scientific Research (FRS-FNRS), Brussels, 1000, Belgium; Departments of Human Ecology and Sociology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States; Department of Environmental Sciences, Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands; Tropical Forests and People Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Queensland, Australia
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Sloan S.,Meyfroidt P.,Rudel T.K.,et al. The forest transformation: Planted tree cover and regional dynamics of tree gains and losses[J],2019,59.
APA	Sloan S.,Meyfroidt P.,Rudel T.K.,Bongers F.,&Chazdon R..(2019).The forest transformation: Planted tree cover and regional dynamics of tree gains and losses.Global Environmental change,59.
MLA	Sloan S.,et al."The forest transformation: Planted tree cover and regional dynamics of tree gains and losses".Global Environmental change 59(2019).