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DOI	10.1007/s11356-018-1713-z
	Observation of optical properties and sources of aerosols at Buddha's birthplace, Lumbini, Nepal: environmental implications
	Rupakheti, Dipesh; Kang, Shichang; Rupakheti, Maheswar; Cong, Zhiyuan; Tripathee, Lekhendra; Panday, Arnico K.; Holben, Brent N.
发表日期	2018
ISSN	0944-1344
EISSN	1614-7499
卷号	25 期号:15
英文摘要	For the first time, aerosol optical properties are measured over Lumbini, Nepal, with CIMEL sunphotometer of the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) program. Lumbini is a sacred place as the birthplace of Lord Buddha, and thus a UNESCO world heritage site, located near the northern edge of the central Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) and before the Himalayan foothills (and Himalayas) to its north. Average aerosol optical depth (AOD) is found to be 0.64 +/- 0.38 (0.06-3.28) over the sampling period (January 2013-December 2014), with the highest seasonal AOD during the post-monsoon season (0.72 +/- 0.44). More than 80% of the daily averaged AOD values, during the monitoring period, are above 0.3, indicating polluted conditions in the region. The levels of aerosol load observed over Lumbini are comparable to those observed at several heavily polluted sites in the IGP. Based on the relationship between AOD and ngstrom exponent (alpha), anthropogenic, biomass burning, and mixed aerosols are found to be the most prevalent aerosol types. The aerosol volume-size distribution is bi-modal during all four seasons with modes centered at 0.1-0.3 and 3-4 mu m. For both fine and coarse modes, the highest volumetric concentration of similar to 0.08 mu m(-3) mu m(-2) is observed during the post-monsoon and pre-monsoon seasons. As revealed by the single-scattering albedo (SSA), asymmetry parameter (AP), and refractive index (RI) analyses, aerosol loading over Lumbini is dominated by absorbing, urban-industrial, and biomass burning aerosols.
关键词	Aerosol optical depth Angstrom exponent Indo-Gangetic Plain Lumbini Himalayas Nepal
学科领域	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences
来源期刊	ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
来源机构	中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/111961
作者单位	Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Tibetan Plateau Res, Key Lab Tibetan Environm Changes & Land Surface P, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Rupakheti, Dipesh,Kang, Shichang,Rupakheti, Maheswar,et al. Observation of optical properties and sources of aerosols at Buddha's birthplace, Lumbini, Nepal: environmental implications[J]. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,2018,25(15).
APA	Rupakheti, Dipesh.,Kang, Shichang.,Rupakheti, Maheswar.,Cong, Zhiyuan.,Tripathee, Lekhendra.,...&Holben, Brent N..(2018).Observation of optical properties and sources of aerosols at Buddha's birthplace, Lumbini, Nepal: environmental implications.ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH,25(15).
MLA	Rupakheti, Dipesh,et al."Observation of optical properties and sources of aerosols at Buddha's birthplace, Lumbini, Nepal: environmental implications".ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH 25.15(2018).