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DOI | 10.1177/0959683619862036 |
Convergent catastrophes and the termination of the Arctic Norwegian Stone Age: A multi-proxy assessment of the demographic and adaptive responses of mid-Holocene collectors to biophysical forcing | |
Jorgensen, Erlend Kirkeng1; Riede, Felix2 | |
发表日期 | 2019 |
ISSN | 0959-6836 |
EISSN | 1477-0911 |
卷号 | 29期号:11页码:1782-1800 |
英文摘要 | Using multiple archeological and paleoenvironmental proxies, this paper makes the case for a climate-induced convergent catastrophe among the human population of terminal Stone Age Arctic Norway. We show that climatic changes correlate with the termination of the so-called Gressbakken phase (4200-3500 cal BP), and unpack the middle-range mechanisms linking the Gressbakken termination to contemporaneous changes in the biophysical environment. We show that what was a Holocene extreme, and likely volcanically-induced, climate deterioration around 3550 cal BP coincided with a population decline as reflected in the frequency of radiocarbon-dated archeological sites along with major changes in material culture and settlement pattern. Together, these proxies suggest a return to forms of social and economic organization based on lower population densities, higher residential mobility, and reduced locational investments. In establishing the middle-range ecological mechanics mediating these changes into archeologically observable patterns, the results indicate that the Gressbakken termination was the result of a particularly unstable climate period characterized by regional paludification, increased effective precipitation, forest decline, and likely impacts on reindeer populations and their migratory behavior, with drastic human implications. We argue for a convergent catastrophe-scenario in which a series of hardships between 4000 and 3500 cal BP exceeded the adaptive mitigation capabilities of the contemporaneous Arctic Norwegian population. Our study supports the notion that increased sedentism and locational investment actually increases vulnerability in the face of rapid biophysical change and contributes to the growing database of past human ecodynamics that speak to current socio-ecological concerns. |
WOS研究方向 | Physical Geography ; Geology |
来源期刊 | HOLOCENE
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文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/100841 |
作者单位 | 1.UiT Arctic Univ Norway, Dept Archaeol Hist Religious Studies & Theol, Postbox 6050, N-9037 Tromso, Norway; 2.Aarhus Univ, Dept Archaeol & Heritage Studies, Lab Disaster Sci, Aarhus, Denmark |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Jorgensen, Erlend Kirkeng,Riede, Felix. Convergent catastrophes and the termination of the Arctic Norwegian Stone Age: A multi-proxy assessment of the demographic and adaptive responses of mid-Holocene collectors to biophysical forcing[J],2019,29(11):1782-1800. |
APA | Jorgensen, Erlend Kirkeng,&Riede, Felix.(2019).Convergent catastrophes and the termination of the Arctic Norwegian Stone Age: A multi-proxy assessment of the demographic and adaptive responses of mid-Holocene collectors to biophysical forcing.HOLOCENE,29(11),1782-1800. |
MLA | Jorgensen, Erlend Kirkeng,et al."Convergent catastrophes and the termination of the Arctic Norwegian Stone Age: A multi-proxy assessment of the demographic and adaptive responses of mid-Holocene collectors to biophysical forcing".HOLOCENE 29.11(2019):1782-1800. |
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