Climate Change Data Portal
DOI | 10.5194/bg-16-2661-2019 |
What drives the latitudinal gradient in open-ocean surface dissolved inorganic carbon concentration? | |
Wu, Yingxu1; Hain, Mathis P.2; Humphreys, Matthew P.1,3; Hartman, Sue4; Tyrrell, Toby1 | |
发表日期 | 2019 |
ISSN | 1726-4170 |
EISSN | 1726-4189 |
卷号 | 16期号:13页码:2661-2681 |
英文摘要 | Previous work has not led to a clear understanding of the causes of spatial pattern in global surface ocean dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), which generally increases polewards. Here, we revisit this question by investigating the drivers of observed latitudinal gradients in surface salinity-normalized DIC (nDIC) using the Global Ocean Data Analysis Project version 2 (GLODAPv2) database. We used the database to test three different hypotheses for the driver producing the observed increase in surface nDIC from low to high latitudes. These are (1) sea surface temperature, through its effect on the CO2 system equilibrium constants, (2) salinity-related total alkalinity (TA), and (3) high-latitude upwelling of DIC- and TA-rich deep waters. We find that temperature and upwelling are the two major drivers. TA effects generally oppose the observed gradient, except where higher values are introduced in upwelled waters. Temperature-driven effects explain the majority of the surface nDIC latitudinal gradient (182 of the 223 mu mol kg(-1) increase from the tropics to the high-latitude Southern Ocean). Upwelling, which has not previously been considered as a major driver, additionally drives a substantial latitudinal gradient. Its immediate impact, prior to any induced air-sea CO2 exchange, is to raise Southern Ocean nDIC by 220 mu mol kg(-1) above the average low-latitude value. However, this immediate effect is transitory. The long-term impact of upwelling (brought about by increasing TA), which would persist even if gas exchange were to return the surface ocean to the same CO2 as without upwelling, is to increase nDIC by 74 mu mol kg(-1) above the low-latitude average. |
WOS研究方向 | Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Geology |
来源期刊 | BIOGEOSCIENCES
![]() |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/100433 |
作者单位 | 1.Univ Southampton, Natl Oceanog Ctr Southampton, Southampton, Hants, England; 2.Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Earth & Planetary Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA; 3.Univ East Anglia, Ctr Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Sch Environm Sci, Norwich, Norfolk, England; 4.Natl Oceanog Ctr, Southampton, Hants, England |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Wu, Yingxu,Hain, Mathis P.,Humphreys, Matthew P.,et al. What drives the latitudinal gradient in open-ocean surface dissolved inorganic carbon concentration?[J],2019,16(13):2661-2681. |
APA | Wu, Yingxu,Hain, Mathis P.,Humphreys, Matthew P.,Hartman, Sue,&Tyrrell, Toby.(2019).What drives the latitudinal gradient in open-ocean surface dissolved inorganic carbon concentration?.BIOGEOSCIENCES,16(13),2661-2681. |
MLA | Wu, Yingxu,et al."What drives the latitudinal gradient in open-ocean surface dissolved inorganic carbon concentration?".BIOGEOSCIENCES 16.13(2019):2661-2681. |
条目包含的文件 | 条目无相关文件。 |
除非特别说明,本系统中所有内容都受版权保护,并保留所有权利。