advertisementadvertisementadvertisementIf 2020 hadn t been the year of COVID-19, it might have gone down as the year that the climate crisis became more obvious than it had ever been before. By the end of January, fires in Australia that began in late 2019 had burned through an area larger than Ireland. In April, the Great Barrier Reef reported the most widespread coral bleaching event on record. In July, as much as a third of Bangladesh flooded, displacing millions of people. In August, record-breaking fires in California temporarily turned the sky dark orange, and then made it unsafe to breathe outside for weeks. In November, after a record number of storms in the Atlantic, typhoons in the Pacific flooded Vietnam and damaged hundreds of thousands of homes in the Philippines. In the U.S., there were a record number of billion-dollar disasters over the year.
advertisementadvertisementWhen Joe Biden takes office, CO2 levels in the atmosphere will be higher than ever before in human history. The challenge will be far harder to solve than if the government had acted earlier. But it s still possible for the U.S. to get on a path that will make it possible for the country to eventually meet the goals of the Paris climate agreement and stop the climate impacts that are already happening from getting far worse. Here s where experts say that Biden should start.
Rejoin the Paris agreement Trump s withdrawal from the Paris agreement took three years, and formally happened just one day after the presidential election. But after Biden sends a letter to the United Nations saying that he wants to rejoin, the U.S. can be part of the agreement again in just 30 days. The agreement aims to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius, and countries have to set targets to cut emissions in line with that goal. New goals will be set in 2021. The new administration needs to put something ambitious and credible on the table for us to have value on the international stage, says Rachel Cleetus, the policy director of the climate and energy program at the nonprofit Union of Concerned Scientists.
Commit to slash emissions in half by 2030While campaigning, Biden said that he wanted to make electricity carbon-free by 2035, and get the overall U.S. economy to net zero, meaning that any emissions are balanced out by taking in carbon through trees or other carbon capture, by 2050. Several other countries, from the U.K. to South Korea, already have net zero goals for 2050. But getting there requires interim goals to stay on track: 2050 is the absolute end of the timeline that we have, says Sara Baldwin, the electrification policy director at the nonprofit Energy Innovation. Accelerating timelines well before that is critical in order to get to 2050. Globally, climate science suggests that emissions have to drop around 45% by 2030 compared to 2005 levels to be on track for the Paris agreement. The U.S. has a responsibility to move faster because it s responsible for the most emissions over time, says Cleetus, and should aim for at least a 50% cut.
Un-rollback Trump s rollbacksTrump tried to weaken more than 100 environmental regulations, including key rules that limit pollution from cars and power plants. Biden can use executive orders to put regulations back in place and make them stronger. There s a big mess to clean up, says Baldwin. There s a lot of rules and regulations that were undone, sidelined, or watered down that need to be reinstated and strengthened. One rule that Trump eliminated, for example, reduced emissions from methane leaks in oil and gas production, a critical source of pollution that can easily be curbed.
Make the recovery greenA sweeping stimulus package can create jobs and rebuild the economy while also tackling climate change with investments in things like modernizing the electric grid and making buildings more efficient to save energy. What we need to be doing is making sure that we connect the near-term imperative to the long-term needs to get to a net-zero economy, and invest in the clean infrastructure that puts us on that track rather than doubling down on fossil fuel investments, Cleetus says. The focus should be on rebuilding infrastructure in the low-income communities that have historically been hardest hit by pollution, helping deliver immediate health benefits.
Create clean electricity standardsIn many states, renewable electricity standards that require utilities to provide an ever-increasing amount of clean energy have helped ramp up solar and wind power. (In California, for example, a renewable portfolio standard started with a requirement of 20% renewables by 2017, then a new requirement for 50% by 2030, later bumped up to 60%; by 2045, the state will require 100% renewable electricity.) The same type of standards at a federal level could help things move even faster. The cost of renewable energy technology has dropped so quickly that it s feasible for the U.S. to get to 90% renewable electricity in just 15 years, with no increase in energy bills. A concerted policy agenda focusing on renewables would accelerate this change even more. Ideally, this would happen through legislation, but if Congress doesn t act, the administration could create regulations under the Clean Air Act.
advertisementMake all new cars zero-emissions by 2035California recently decided to ban the sale of new fossil fuel-powered cars by 2035, and the federal government could follow that example; electric cars are already on track to be as affordable as gas cars within a few years. The EPA sets emissions standards for passenger vehicles, so Biden could direct the agency to make those standards so strict that only zero-emissions cars would comply. A separate standard for medium and heavy-duty trucks could reach the same goal by 2045. Federal agencies could switch to electric vehicles, including the Postal Service. Federal grants could help cities switch to electric buses for public transit.
Set standards for buildings and industry While local building codes also have to change to help cut emissions, the administration can upgrade efficiency standards for appliances, create a plan to eliminate fossil fuels in federal buildings, and ramp up programs that help consumers save energy and decarbonize. The government can also set standards that require industries like steel, cement, and plastics to limit their greenhouse gas emissions. It can also put in place other new programs like hiring laid-off oil and gas workers to plug abandoned oil wells.
There are several other steps that the new administration can take quickly, with or without the support of Congress. The technical solutions are there, says Cleetus. It s been striking to see the number of modeling results and analyses that are out there showing that it s technically feasible and economically feasible to [address climate change]. What s been missing is the political will.
About the authorAdele Peters is a staff writer at Fast Company who focuses on solutions to some of the world's largest problems, from climate change to homelessness. Previously, she worked with GOOD, BioLite, and the Sustainable Products and Solutions program at UC Berkeley, and contributed to the second edition of the bestselling book "Worldchanging: A User's Guide for the 21st Century."
More
Ideas Newsletter
Sign UpSee All NewslettersReceive special Fast Company offers.VideoImpactImpactSee the historic Black Lives Matter protests of 2020 in these stirring photosFast Company MagazineAdy Barkan was one of the most powerful activists in 2020. Here’s how he changes hearts and mindsImpactThe 7 things Biden should do first to tackle climate changeNewsNewsNew COVID strain confirmed in the US: Here’s what you need to knowNews33 moments of unintentional comedy that brightened up 2020 (kind of)NewsDespite warnings, air travel is the highest since COVID-19 lockdownsCo.DesignCo.DesignRemembering some of the designers, architects, and creative thinkers who died in 2020Co.DesignCOVID-19 upended fashion trends, but will they last? History offers some cluesFast Company MagazineThese high-performance skis are made out of algaeWork LifeWork LifeCan a close friend or big customer serve on my board of directors?Work LifeWhat urban flight means for the future of workWork LifeRemote work has a dark side. Here are 3 ways to make sure you overcome it in 2021AdvertisePrivacy PolicyTermsNotice of CollectionDo Not Sell My DataPermissionsContactAbout UsSite MapFast Company Inc © 2020 Mansueto Ventures, LLC
advertisementadvertisement12-29-20
[Photo: Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images]